What is the gold standard for measuring body composition?

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is recognized as the gold standard for measuring body composition. This method provides highly accurate and reliable measurements of bone mineral density, lean mass, and fat mass. DEXA uses low-level X-ray beams that differentiate between types of tissues based on their density, allowing for precise quantification of body composition.

It is particularly favored in clinical and research settings due to its ability to provide whole-body analysis and regional assessments. Unlike methods such as bioelectrical impedance analysis, which can be influenced by hydration status, or skinfold measurements that rely on operator technique and skill, DEXA offers a consistent and objective approach.

Additionally, while techniques like MRI provide detailed images and can also assess body composition, they are typically more expensive, less accessible, and not always practical for routine body composition analysis when compared to DEXA.